Publications

Results 40601–40800 of 99,299

Search results

Jump to search filters

Modeling Primary Atomization of Liquid Fuels using a Multiphase DNS/LES Approach

Arienti, Marco

As part of a Laboratory Directed Research and Development project, we are developing a modeling-and-simulation capability to study fuel direct injection in automotive engines. Predicting mixing and combustion at realistic conditions remains a challenging objective of energy science. And it is a research priority in Sandia’s mission-critical area of energy security, being also relevant to many flows in defense and climate. High-performance computing applied to this non-linear multi-scale problem is key to engine calculations with increased scientific reliability.

More Details
TYPE Other Report YEAR 2016
DOIOSTI

Lens and Camera Arrays for Sky Surveys and Space Surveillance

Ackermann, Mark R.; Cox, David; Mcgraw, John; Zimmer, Peter

In recent years, a number of sky survey projects have chosen to use arrays of commercia l cameras coupled with commercial photographic lenses to enable low-cost, wide-area observation. Projects such as SuperWASP, FAVOR, Raptor, Lotis, PANOPTES, and Dragonfly rely on multiple cameras with commercial lenses to image wide areas of the sky each night. The sensors are usually commercial astronomical change coupled devices (CCD) or digital single reflex (DSLR) cameras, while the lenses are large-aperture, high-end consumer items intended for general photography. While much of this equipment is very capable and relatively inexpensive, this approach comes with a number of significant limitations that reduce sensitivity and overall utility of the image data. The most frequently encountered limitations include lens vignetting, narrow spectral bandpass, and relatively large point spread function. Understanding these limits helps to assess the utility of the data, and identify areas where advanced optical designs could significantly improve survey performance.

More Details
TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2016
DOIOSTI

Energy Storage Financing: A Roadmap for Accelerating Market Growth

Baxter, Richard

Project financing is emerging as the linchpin for the future health, direction, and momentum of the energy storage industry. Market leaders have so far relied on self-funding or captive lending arrangements to fund projects. New lenders are proceeding hesitantly as they lack a full understanding of the technology, business, and credit risks involved in this rapidly changing market. The U.S. Department of Energy is poised to play a critical role in expanding access to capital by reducing the barriers to entry for new lenders, and providing trusted analytical benchmarks to better judge and price the risk in systematic ways.

More Details
TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2016
DOIOSTI

Biosafety and biosecurity in veterinary laboratories

Sandia journal manuscript; Not yet accepted for publication

Finley, Melissa; Astuto Gribble, Lisa A.; Van Brass, Hildren

Here, with recent outbreaks of MERS-Cov, Anthrax, Nipah, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, much emphasis has been placed on rapid identification of infectious agents globally. As a result, laboratories are building capacity, conducting more advanced and sophisticated research, increasing laboratory staff, and establishing collections of dangerous pathogens in an attempt to reduce the impact of infectious disease outbreaks and characterize disease causing agents. With this expansion, the global laboratory community has started to focus on laboratory biosafety and biosecurity to prevent the accidental and/or intent ional release o f these agents. Laboratory biosafety and biosecurity systems are used around the world to help mit igate the risks posed by dangerous pathogens in the laboratory. Veterinary laboratories carry unique responsibilities to workers and communities to safely and securely handle disease causing microorganisms. Many microorganisms studied in veterinary laboratories not only infect animals, but also have the potential to infect humans. This paper will discuss the fundamentals of laboratory biosafety and biosecurity.

More Details
TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2016
OSTI

International Approaches for Nuclear Waste Disposal in Geological Formations: Report on Fifth Worldwide Review

Faybishenko, Boris; Birkholzer, Jens; Persoff, Peter; Sassani, David C.; Swift, Peter

An important issue for present and future generations is the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel. Over the past over forty years, the development of technologies to isolate both spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and other high-level nuclear waste (HLW) generated at nuclear power plants and from production of defense materials, and low- and intermediate-level nuclear waste (LILW) in underground rock and sediments has been found to be a challenging undertaking. Finding an appropriate solution for the disposal of nuclear waste is an important issue for protection of the environment and public health, and it is a prerequisite for the future of nuclear power. The purpose of a deep geological repository for nuclear waste is to provide to future generations, protection against any harmful release of radioactive material, even after the memory of the repository may have been lost, and regardless of the technical knowledge of future generations. The results of a wide variety of investigations on the development of technology for radioactive waste isolation from 19 countries were published in the First Worldwide Review in 1991 (Witherspoon, 1991). The results of investigations from 26 countries were published in the Second Worldwide Review in 1996 (Witherspoon, 1996). The results from 32 countries were summarized in the Third Worldwide Review in 2001 (Witherspoon and Bodvarsson, 2001). The last compilation had results from 24 countries assembled in the Fourth Worldwide Review (WWR) on radioactive waste isolation (Witherspoon and Bodvarsson, 2006). Since publication of the last report in 2006, radioactive waste disposal approaches have continued to evolve, and there have been major developments in a number of national geological disposal programs. Significant experience has been obtained both in preparing and reviewing cases for the operational and long-term safety of proposed and operating repositories. Disposal of radioactive waste is a complex issue, not only because of the nature of the waste, but also because of the detailed regulatory structure for dealing with radioactive waste, the variety of stakeholders involved, and (in some cases) the number of regulatory entities involved.

More Details
TYPE Other Report YEAR 2016
DOIOSTI

Sandia/NM Available Mock Warhead Container Inventory

Brotz, Jay K.; Wade, James R.

The real H1514 Shipping and Storage Container is an environmentally sealed and desiccated aluminum drum-type container designed to transport the W88/Mk5 Reentry Body Assembly. The H1514 is cylindrical except for a portion of its base, which is 36" square and 3" high and contains the forklift openings. Our mock H1514 retains the dimensions and shape of the real H1514 in a lighter form that is not sealed and does not have ports for desiccation.

More Details
TYPE Other Report YEAR 2016
DOIOSTI

Deterministic Calculation of Gamma-Ray Transport Spectra with InterScatter

Martin, Stephen E.

Gamma-ray transport describes the way in which high-energy photons interact with matter. There are many well established, general purpose gamma transport calculation frameworks (such as GEANT4, MCNP, PARTISN, and GADRAS) that allow for complex generalized calculations, but they are typically not designed to be integrated into other multi-process, multi-platform applications, not designed for rapid computation, or their complexity leads to user errors. In this report, we introduce InterScatter: a deterministic simulation designed to quickly and easily calculate gamma-ray transport spectra for a 1D shielding geometry.

More Details
TYPE Other Report YEAR 2016
DOIOSTI
Results 40601–40800 of 99,299
Results 40601–40800 of 99,299