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PRO-X Fuel Cycle Transportation and Crosscutting Report: Avoidability Task

Crabtree, Lauren M.; Williams, Adam D.

As the frequency and quantities of nuclear material shipments escalate internationally to meet the increased demand for small modular (SMR) and advanced (AR) reactors, the risks and costs associated with shipping activities also likely to increase with them. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate possibilities for risk reduction via avoidability—or, avoiding or reducing the need for nuclear shipments, where possible, either by reducing the frequency or quantities of materials contained in shipments.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2023
DOIOSTI

Melt Blending: A Tool to Simplify Plastic Scintillator Synthesis

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

Myllenbeck, Nicholas R.; Garcia, Gail F.H.; Benin, Annabelle L.; Feng, Patrick L.; Witzke, Ryan J.; Tran, Huu

Plastic scintillators are widely used as radiation detection media in homeland security and nuclear physics applications. Their attributes include low cost, scalability to large detector volumes, and additive compounding to enable additional material and detection features, such as pulse shape discrimination (PSD), gamma-ray spectroscopy, aging resistance, and coincidence timing. However, traditional chemically cured plastic scintillators (CCS) require long reaction times, and hazardous wet chemical procedures performed by specially trained personnel, and can leave residual monomer, resulting in deleterious optical and material properties. Here, we synthesize melt blended scintillators (MBSs) in 2.5 days using easily accessible solid-state compounding of commercially-available poly(styrene) with 30-60 wt% fluorene-based compound 'P2' to create monolithic detectors with < 100 ppm residual monomer, in several form factors. The best scintillation performance was recorded for 60 wt% P2 in Styron 665, including gamma-ray light yield 139% of EJ- 200 commercial scintillator and PSD figure of merit (FOM) value of 2.65 at 478 keVee, approaching P2 organic glass scintillator (OGS). The capability of MBS to generate fog-resistant scintillators and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based scintillators for use in challenging environments is also demonstrated.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2023
DOIOSTIScopus

A flexible polymer-based luminescent ink for combined thermographic phosphors and digital image correlation (TP+DIC)

Optical Materials

Hansen, Linda E.; Fitzgerald, Kaitlynn M.; Jones, Elizabeth M.C.; Ruggles, Timothy; Gilliland, William G.; Jauregui, Luis; Murray, Shannon E.; Westphal, Eric R.; Winters, Caroline; Huertas, N.A.

Recent work on the development of integrated thermographic phosphors and digital image correlation (TP+DIC) for combined thermal–mechanical measurements has revealed the need for a flexible, stretchable phosphor coating for metal surfaces. Herein, we coat stainless steel substrates with a polymer-based phosphor ink in a DIC speckle pattern and demonstrate that the ink remains well bonded under substrate deformation. In contrast, a binderless phosphor DIC coating produced via aerosol deposition (AD) partially debonded from the substrate. DIC calculations reveal that the strain on the ink coating matches the strain on the substrate within 4% error at the highest substrate loads (0.05 mm/mm applied substrate strain), while the strain on the AD coating remains near 0 mm/mm as the substrate deforms. Spectrally resolved emission from the phosphor is measured through the transparent binder throughout testing, and the ratio method is used to infer temperature with an uncertainty of 1.7 °C. This phosphor ink coating will allow for accurate, non-contact strain and temperature measurements of a deforming surface.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2023
DOIOSTIScopus
Results 4101–4125 of 101,000
Results 4101–4125 of 101,000
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