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Tailored light-matter interaction through epsilon-near- zero modes

CLEO: QELS - Fundamental Science, CLEO_QELS 2015

Campione, Salvatore; Liu, Sheng; Benz, Alexander; Klem, John F.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal

We use epsilon-near-zero modes in semiconductor nanolayers to design a system whose spectral properties are controlled by their interaction with multi-dipole resonances. This design flexibility renders our platform attractive for efficient nonlinear composite materials. © OSA 2015.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2015
OSTIScopus

Nonpolar InGaN/GaN multi-quantum-well core-shell nanowire lasers

CLEO: Science and Innovations, CLEO-SI 2015

Li, Changyi; Wright, Jeremy B.; Liu, Sheng; Lu, Ping; Figiel, Jeffrey J.; Leung, Benjamin; Luk, Ting S.; Brener, Igal; Feezell, Daniel; Brueck, S.R.J.; Wang, George T.

Lasing is demonstrated from nonpolar III-nitride core-shell multi-quantum-well nanowires. The nanowire lasers were fabricated by coupling a top-down and bottom-up methodology and achieved lasing at wavelengths below the GaN bandedge. © OSA 2015.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2015
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Control of strong light-matter coupling using the capacitance of metamaterial nanocavities

Nano Letters

Benz, Alexander; Campione, Salvatore; Klem, John F.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal

Metallic nanocavities with deep subwavelength mode volumes can lead to dramatic changes in the behavior of emitters placed in their vicinity. This collocation and interaction often leads to strong coupling. Here, we present for the first time experimental evidence that the Rabi splitting is directly proportional to the electrostatic capacitance associated with the metallic nanocavity. The system analyzed consists of different metamaterial geometries with the same resonance wavelength coupled to intersubband transitions in quantum wells.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2015
DOIOSTIScopus

What is an epsilon-near-zero mode?

Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics, IPRSN 2015

Campione, Salvatore; Brener, Igal; Marquier, Francois

Metallic films much thinner than the skin depth can support surface plasmon modes whose dispersion approaches the plasma frequency, giving rise to the so-called epsilon-near-zero mode. We analyse its features and observation conditions. © 2015 OSA.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2015
DOIOSTIScopus

Gallium nitride nanotube lasers

Applied Physics Letters

Li, Changyi; Liu, Sheng; Hurtado, Antonio; Wright, Jeremy B.; Xu, Huiwen; Luk, Ting S.; Figiel, Jeffrey J.; Brener, Igal; Brueck, Steven R.J.; Wang, George T.

Lasing is demonstrated from gallium nitride nanotubes fabricated using a two-step top-down technique. By optically pumping, we observed characteristics of lasing: a clear threshold, a narrow spectral, and guided emission from the nanotubes. In addition, annular lasing emission from the GaN nanotube is also observed, indicating that cross-sectional shape control can be employed to manipulate the properties of nanolasers. The nanotube lasers could be of interest for optical nanofluidic applications or application benefitting from a hollow beam shape.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2014
DOIOSTI

Optical Strong Coupling between near-Infrared Metamaterials and Intersubband Transitions in III-Nitride Heterostructures

ACS Photonics

Campione, Salvatore; Moseley, Michael W.; Wierer, Jonathan J.; Allerman, A.A.; Wendt, Joel R.; Brener, Igal

(Figure Presented) We present the design, realization, and characterization of optical strong light-matter coupling between intersubband transitions within a semiconductor heterostructures and planar metamaterials in the near-infrared spectral range. The strong light-matter coupling entity consists of a III-nitride intersubband superlattice heterostructure, providing a two-level system with a transition energy of ∼0.8 eV (λ ∼1.55 μm) and a planar "dogbone" metamaterial structure. As the bare metamaterial resonance frequency is varied across the intersubband resonance, a clear anticrossing behavior is observed in the frequency domain. This strongly coupled entity could enable the realization of electrically tunable optical filters, a new class of efficient nonlinear optical materials, or intersubband-based light-emitting diodes.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2014
DOIOSTIScopus

Doping-tunable thermal emission from plasmon polaritons in semiconductor epsilon-near-zero thin films

Applied Physics Letters

Brener, Igal; Klem, John F.; Luk, Ting S.; Jun, Young C.; Ellis, R.

We utilize the unique dispersion properties of leaky plasmon polaritons in epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) thin films to demonstrate thermal radiation control. Owing to its highly flat dispersion above the light line, a thermally excited leaky wave at the ENZ frequency out-couples into free space without any scattering structures, resulting in a narrowband, wide-angle, p-polarized thermal emission spectrum. We demonstrate this idea by measuring angle- and polarization-resolved thermal emission spectra from a single layer of unpatterned, doped semiconductors with deep-subwavelength film thickness (d / λ 0 ∼ 6 × 10 - 3, where d is the film thickness and λ 0 is the free space wavelength). We show that this semiconductor ENZ film effectively works as a leaky wave thermal radiation antenna, which generates far-field radiation from a thermally excited mode. The use of semiconductors makes the radiation frequency highly tunable by controlling doping densities and also facilitates device integration with other components. Therefore, this leaky plasmon polariton emission from semiconductor ENZ films provides an avenue for on-chip control of thermal radiation.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2014
DOIOSTIScopus

Second harmonic generation from metamaterials strongly coupled to intersubband transitions in quantum wells

Applied Physics Letters

Campione, Salvatore; Benz, Alexander; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal

We theoretically analyze the second harmonic generation capacity of two-dimensional periodic metamaterials comprising sub-wavelength resonators strongly coupled to intersubband transitions in quantum wells (QWs) at mid-infrared frequencies. The metamaterial is designed to support a fundamental resonance at ∼30THz and an orthogonally polarized resonance at the second harmonic frequency (∼60THz), while the asymmetric quantum well structure is designed to provide a large second order susceptibility. Upon continuous wave illumination at the fundamental frequency we observe second harmonic signals in both the forward and backward directions, with the forward efficiency being larger. We calculate the overall second harmonic conversion efficiency of the forward wave to be ∼1.3×10-2 W/W2 - a remarkably large value, given the deep sub-wavelength dimensions of the QW structure (about 1/15th of the free space wavelength of 10μm). The results shown in this Letter provide a strategy for designing easily fabricated sources across the entire infrared spectrum through proper choice of QW and resonator designs. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2014
DOIOSTIScopus

The Energy Frontier Research Center for Solid-State Lighting Science: Exploring New Materials Architectures and Light Emission Phenomena

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Coltrin, Michael E.; Subramania, Ganapathi S.; Tsao, Jeffrey Y.; Wang, George T.; Wierer, Jonathan J.; Wright, Jeremy B.; Armstrong, Andrew A.; Brener, Igal; Chow, Weng W.; Crawford, Mary H.; Fischer, Arthur J.; Koleske, Daniel; Martin, James E.; Rohwer, Lauren E.S.

Abstract not provided.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2014
OSTIDOI

Terahertz near-field probe incorporating a λ/100 aperture for time-domain spectroscopy and imaging

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Macfaden, Alexander J.; Reno, John L.; Brener, Igal; Mitrofanov, Oleg

Achieving high spatial resolutions for imaging with terahertz (THz) waves requires near-field probes, such as a sub-wavelength aperture probe. Bethe's theory of transmission through a sub-wavelength aperture of size a predicts that the transmitted electric field scales as Eαa3. This strong dependence limits the size of apertures that can be employed and hence the spatial resolution. This dependence however changes for the evanescent field components in very close proximity (∼1μm for THz waves) to the aperture, as shown by electromagnetic simulations. To exploit this effect in a THz near-field probe, we developed a photoconductive THz near-field detector structure, which incorporates a thinned photo-conductive detector region and a distributed Bragg reflector between the detector and the aperture plane. Near-field probes are manufactured with different aperture sizes to investigate transmission of THz pulses through apertures as small as 3μm. The experimental results confirm that the transmitted field amplitude, and therefore the sensitivity, increases by about one order of magnitude for the new probes. A 3μm aperture probe with a spatial resolution of λ/100 at 1THz is demonstrated.. © 2014 SPIE.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2014
ScopusOSTI

Optical magnetic mirrors without metals

Optica

Liu, Sheng; Sinclair, Michael B.; Mahony, Thomas S.; Jun, Young C.; Campione, Salvatore; Ginn, James; Bender, Daniel A.; Wendt, Joel R.; Ihlefeld, Jon F.; Clem, Paul; Wright, Jeremy B.; Brener, Igal

The reflection of an optical wave from metal, arising from strong interactions between the optical electric field and the free carriers of the metal, is accompanied by a phase reversal of the reflected electric field. A far less common route to achieving high reflectivity exploits strong interactions between the material and the optical magnetic field to produce a “magnetic mirror” that does not reverse the phase of the reflected electric field. At optical frequencies, the magnetic properties required for strong interaction can be achieved only by using artificially tailored materials. Here, we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the magnetic mirror behavior of a low-loss all-dielectric metasurface at infrared optical frequencies through direct measurements of the phase and amplitude of the reflected optical wave. The enhanced absorption and emission of transverse-electric dipoles placed close to magnetic mirrors can lead to exciting new advances in sensors, photodetectors, and light sources.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2014
ScopusOSTIDOI

Transmission of THz pulses through 3μm apertures: Applications for near-field microscopy

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers

Macfaden, Alexander J.; Reno, John L.; Brener, Igal; Mitrofanov, Oleg

We demonstrate that THz pulses transmitted through small apertures (~λ/100) exhibit strong evanescent components within 1μm of the aperture. Using this effect, we developed subwavelength aperture THz near-field probes that provide 3μm resolution. © 2014 OSA.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2014
ScopusOSTI

Gallium nitride nanowire distributed feedback lasers

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe - Technical Digest

Wright, Jeremy B.; Campione, Salvatore; Liu, Sheng; Martinez, Julio A.; Xu, Huiwen; Luk, Ting S.; Li, Qiming; Wang, George T.; Swartzentruber, Brian; Brener, Igal

We have demonstrated single-mode lasing in a single gallium nitride nanowire using distributed feedback by external coupling to a dielectric grating. By adjusting the nanowire grating alignment we achieved a mode suppression ratio of 17dB.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2014
ScopusOSTI

Tunable metamaterials based on voltage controlled strong coupling

Applied Physics Letters

Montano, Ines; Klem, John F.; Brener, Igal

We present the design, fabrication, and realization of an electrically tunable metamaterial operating in the mid-infrared spectral range. Our devices combine intersubband transitions in semiconductor quantum-wells with planar metamaterials and operate in the strong light-matter coupling regime. The resonance frequency of the intersubband transition can be controlled by an external bias relative to the fixed metamaterial resonance. This allows us to switch dynamically from an uncoupled to a strongly coupled system and thereby to shift the eigenfrequency of the upper polariton branch by 2.5 THz (corresponding to 8% of the center frequency or one full linewidth) with a bias of 5 V. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2013
DOIOSTIScopus

Epsilon-near-zero subwavelength optoelectronics: Electrically tunable ENZ strong coupling

CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, CLEO:QELS FS 2013

Jun, Young C.; Reno, John L.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal

We demonstrate a new type of electrically tunable strong coupling between a planar metamaterial layer and an ultra-thin epsilon-near-zero layer made of a doped semiconductor. This can find novel applications in chip-scale infrared optoelectronic devices. © OSA 2013.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2013
OSTIScopus

Realization of Tellurium-based all dielectric optical metamaterials using a multi-cycle deposition-etch process

2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2013

Ihlefeld, Jon F.; Dominguez, Jason; Bower, John E.; Burckel, David B.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal

Tellurium dielectric resonator metamaterials were fabricated using a newly developed multi-cycle deposition-etch process. Deposition and etching of Tellurium were studied in detail. All the samples showed two transmission minima corresponding to magnetic and electric dipole resonances. © 2013 The Optical Society.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2013
OSTIScopus

Optical manipulation with plasmonic beam shaping antenna structures

Advances in OptoElectronics

Jun, Young C.; Brener, Igal

Near-field optical trapping of objects using plasmonic antenna structures has recently attracted great attention. However, metal nanostructures also provide a compact platform for general wavefront engineering of intermediate and far-field beams. Here, we analyze optical forces generated by plasmonic beam shaping antenna structures and show that they can be used for general optical manipulation such as guiding of a dielectric particle along a linear or curved trajectory. This removes the need for bulky diffractive optical components and facilitates the integration of optical force manipulation into a highly functional, compact system. © 2012 Young Chul Jun and Igal Brener.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2012
DOIOSTIScopus

Single-mode GaN nanowire lasers

Optics Express

Li, Qiming L.; Wright, Jeremy B.; Chow, Weng W.; Luk, Ting S.; Brener, Igal; Lester, Luke F.; Wang, George T.

We demonstrate stable, single-frequency output from single, asfabricated GaN nanowire lasers operating far above lasing threshold. Each laser is a linear, double-facet GaN nanowire functioning as gain medium and optical resonator, fabricated by a top-down technique that exploits a tunable dry etch plus anisotropic wet etch for precise control of the nanowire dimensions and high material gain. A single-mode linewidth of ∼0.12 nm and >18dB side-mode suppression ratio are measured. Numerical simulations indicate that single-mode lasing arises from strong mode competition and narrow gain bandwidth. © 2012 Optical Society of America.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2012
ScopusOSTIDOI

Top-down fabrication of GaN-based nanorod LEDs and lasers

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Wang, George T.; Li, Qiming L.; Wierer, Jonathan J.; Figiel, Jeffrey J.; Wright, Jeremy B.; Luk, Ting S.; Brener, Igal

Although planar heterostructures dominate current optoelectronic architectures, 1D nanowires and nanorods have distinct and advantageous properties that may enable higher efficiency, longer wavelength, and cheaper devices. We have developed a top-down approach for fabricating ordered arrays of high quality GaN-based nanorods with controllable height, pitch and diameter. This approach avoids many of the limitations of bottom-up synthesis methods. In addition to GaN nanorods, the fabrication and characterization of both axial and radial-type GaN/InGaN nanorod LEDs have been achieved. The precise control over nanorod geometry achiveable by this technique also enables single-mode single nanowire lasing with linewidths of less than 0.1 nm and low lasing thresholds of ∼250kW/cm 2. © 2012 Copyright Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2012
OSTIScopus

A Summary of the Theory and Design Team Efforts for the Sandia Metamaterials Science and Technology Grand Challenge LDRD

Basilio, Lorena I.; Brener, Igal; Burckel, David B.; Shaner, Eric A.; Wendt, Joel R.; Luk, Ting S.; Ellis, A.R.; Bender, Daniel A.; Clem, Paul; Rasberry, Roger D.; Langston, William L.; Ihlefeld, Jon F.; Dirk, Shawn M.; Warne, Larry K.; Peters, David; El-Kady, Ihab F.; Reinke, Charles M.; Loui, Hung; Williams, Jeffery T.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Mccormick, Frederick B.

Abstract not provided.

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TYPE Presentation YEAR 2012
OSTI

Interactions in 2D and 3D mid-infrared metamaterials

2011 5th Rio De La Plata Workshop on Laser Dynamics and Nonlinear Photonics, LDNP 2011

Brener, Igal

We explore the issue of interactions between metamaterial resonators and different types of absorbers placed in proximity to these resonators. Very clear anticrossing behaviour and level splitting is observed when IR phonons interact with planar metamaterials. More complex dipole transitions can be designed using semiconductor bandgap engineering. We show experimentally the coupling between metamaterial resonances and intersubband transitions and discuss this mechanism for electrical tuning of metamaterials throughout the optical infrared spectral region. Finally we will discuss interactions in 3D dielectric resonator metamaterials. © 2011 IEEE.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2011
OSTIScopus

Multilayer infrared metamaterial fabrication using membrane projection lithography

Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics

Wendt, Joel R.; Brener, Igal; Sinclair, Michael B.

Membrane projection lithography is extended from a single layer fabrication technique to a multilayer process, adding polymeric backfill and planarization after each layer is completed. Unaligned contact lithography is used as a rapid prototyping tool to aid in process development, patterning resist membranes in seconds without requiring long e-beam write times. The fabricated multilayer structures show good resistance to solvent attack from subsequent process steps and demonstrate in-plane and out of plane multilayer metallic inclusions in a dielectric host, which is a critical step in the path to develop bulklike metamaterials at optical frequencies.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2011
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Results 201–400 of 451
Results 201–400 of 451