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A Catalog of Temporally Localized Systematic Deviations in Global Body Wave Travel-Time Measurements

Hariharan, Anant; Porritt, Robert W.; Conley, Andrea C.

Accurate measurements of the arrival times of seismic waves are crucial for seismological analyses such as robust locations of earthquakes, characterization of seismic sources, and high-fidelity imaging of the Earth’s interior. However, these travel-time measurements can sometimes be contaminated by timing errors at the stations which record this data. In this study, we apply a classical approach, based on identifying time-dependence in measured body wave arrival times, to identify these timing errors in a dataset on the order of 107 individual measurements. We find timing deviations at a subset of the stations in our dataset and document the temporal location, extent, and severity of these errors, finding errors at 83 stations, and impacting ~100,000 measurements. This catalog of deviations may enable future investigators to obtain a more accurate dataset through the implementation of quality control measures to eliminate the contaminated data we have identified.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2023
DOIOSTI

Electrode Blocking Due to Redox Reactions in Aluminum Chloride-Sodium Iodide Molten Salts

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Maraschky, Adam M.; Percival, Stephen J.; Lee, Rose Y.; Foulk, James W.; Peretti, Amanda S.; Spoerke, Erik D.; Small, Leo J.

Iodide redox reactions in molten NaI/AlCl3 are shown to generate surface-blocking films, which may limit the useful cycling rates and energy densities of molten sodium batteries below 150 °C. An experimental investigation of electrode interfacial stability at 110 °C reveals the source of the reaction rate limitations. Electrochemical experiments in a 3-electrode configuration confirm an increase of resistance on the electrode surface after oxidation or reduction current is passed. Using chronopotentiometry, chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the film formation is shown to depend on the electrode material (W, Mo, Ta, or glassy carbon), as well as the Lewis acidity and molar ratio of I−/I3− in the molten salt electrolytes. These factors impact the amount of charge that can be passed at a given current density prior to developing excessive overpotential due to film formation that blocks the electrode surface. The results presented here guide the design and use of iodide-based molten salt electrolytes and electrode materials for grid scale battery applications.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2023
DOIOSTIDOIScopusOSTIScopus
Results 2801–2825 of 99,299
Results 2801–2825 of 99,299