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Mediated Flow Batteries

Small, Leo J.; Laros, James H.; Staiger, Chad S.; Anderson, Travis M.

The energy density of nonaqueous redox flow batteries is often limited by the concentration of the redox active species soluble in solution. A possible route to increasing the this energy density is through the use of energy-dense solid materials such as polyoxometalates, LiFePO4, or LixTi02. These solid materials can be contained in canisters through which an electrolyte with dissolved redox-active species is flowed. The redox potentials for the flowing species are chosen specifically such that they mediate the chemical reduction and oxidation of the solid components. This strategy is advantageous in that it allows for independent optimization of the flow electrolyte (e.g. for low viscosity, high charging rate) and the solid energy storing media (e.g. high energy density). This report summarizes results using a variety of redox active organic and metalorganic species to mediate the oxidation and reduction of polyoxometalate and Li-ion battery chemistries in a redox flow battery system.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2017
DOIOSTI

Crack Path Selection in Thermally Loaded Borosilicate/Steel Bibeam Specimen

Experimental Mechanics

Grutzik, Scott J.; Laros, James H.

Here, we have developed a novel specimen for studying crack paths in glass. Under certain conditions, the specimen reaches a state where the crack must select between multiple paths satisfying the K II = 0 condition. This path selection is a simple but challenging benchmark case for both analytical and numerical methods of predicting crack propagation. We document the development of the specimen, using an uncracked and instrumented test case to study the effect of adhesive choice and validate the accuracy of both a simple beam theory model and a finite element model. In addition, we present preliminary fracture test results and provide a comparison to the path predicted by two numerical methods (mesh restructuring and XFEM). The directional stability of the crack path and differences in kink angle predicted by various crack kinking criteria is analyzed with a finite element model.

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TYPE Journal Article YEAR 2017
DOIOSTI

Operational Area Environmental Evaluations

Bailey-White, Brenda E.; Nagy, Michael D.; Wagner, Katrina M.; Goodman, Thomas R.; Laros, James H.; Catechis, Christopher S.; Kinghorn, Aubrianna N.; Johnson, Ellie; Barthel, Michael D.; Laros, James H.

The Operational Area Environmental Evaluation update provides a description of activities that have the potential to adversely affect natural and cultural resources, including soil, air, water, biological, ecological, and historical resources. The environmental sensitivity of an area is evaluated and summarized, which may facilitate informed management decisions as to where development may be prohibited, restricted, or subject to additional requirements.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2017
DOIOSTI
Results 1551–1575 of 2,290
Results 1551–1575 of 2,290