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Nano-Engineering of Detector Surfaces to Offer Unprecedented Imager Sensitivity to Soft X-rays and Low Energy Electrons

Looker, Quinn M.; Sanchez, Marcos O.

The focus of this document is to record the learning and process development achieved by the completion of the Nano-Engineering of Detector Surfaces to Offer Unprecedented Imager Sensitivity to Soft X-rays and Low Energy Electrons LDRD. The goal of this effort was to study different silicon detector surface preparation methods such as ion implant parameters, and the addition of a quantum 2-layer superlattice. Enabling the preparation of the surface of silicon detectors (front side illuminated or bonded backside illuminated) increases the responsivity of the diode to shallowly absorbed photons. This increased sensitivity in turn allows for greater fidelity in imaging events that emit low soft X-rays or low energy electrons. Prior work has focused on passivating the surface of a silicon detectors with thin layers (tens of nm thick) of materials to reduce surface recombination sites. Measurements of visible light quantum efficiency, electron responsivity, and pulsed x-ray response indicate that detectors with a 2- layer superlattice enjoy a significant benefit over equivalent detectors using an ion implant at the illuminated surface. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research described in this LDRD was carried out at Sandia National Laboratories, under a contract with the Department of Energy, and at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2019
OSTIDOI

A Window-less Target for Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion Characterized using High-Speed Solid-State Framing Cameras

Colombo, Anthony P.; Schwarz, Jens S.; Rambo, Patrick K.; Galloway, B.R.; Kimmel, Mark W.; Slutz, Stephen A.; Weis, Matthew R.; Claus, Liam D.; England, Troy D.; Fang, Lu F.; Looker, Quinn M.; Mitchell, Brandon M.; Montoya, Andrew M.; Robertson, Gideon R.; Rochau, G.A.; Sanchez, Marcos O.; Stahoviak, John W.; Hund, Jared H.; Sin, Justin S.; Porter, John L.

Abstract not provided.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2018
OSTI

Design and characterization of an improved, 2 ns, multi-frame imager for the Ultra-Fast X-ray Imager (UXI) program at Sandia National Laboratories

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Claus, L.; England, T.; Fang, Lu F.; Robertson, Gideon R.; Sanchez, Marcos O.; Trotter, D.; Carpenter, A.; Dayton, M.; Patel, P.; Porter, John L.

The Icarus camera is an improvement on past imagers (Furi and Hippogriff) designed for the Ultra-Fast X-ray Imager (UXI) program to deliver ultra-fast, time-gated, multi-frame image sets for High Energy Density Physics (HEDP) experiments. Icarus is a 1024 × 512 pixel array with 25 μm spatial resolution containing 4 frames of storage per pixel. It has improved timing generation and distribution components and has achieved 2 ns time gating. Design improvements and initial characterization and performance results will be discussed. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc. for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2017
ScopusOSTI

Initial characterization results of a 1024x448, 25-μm multi-frame camera with 2ns integration time for the Ultrafast X-ray Imager (UXI) program at Sandia National Laboratories

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Claus, Liam D.; Robertson, Gideon R.; Fang, L.; Kay, R.; Kimmel, M.W.; Sanchez, Marcos O.; Stahoviak, John W.; Trotter, D.; Porter, John L.

The Hippogriff camera developed at Sandia National Laboratories as part of the Ultra-Fast X-ray Imager (UXI) program is a high-speed, multi-frame, time-gated imager for use on a wide variety of High Energy Density (HED) physics experiments on both Sandia's Z-Machine and the National Ignition Facility. The camera is a 1024 x 448 pixel array with 25 μm spatial resolution, containing 2 frames per pixel natively and has achieved 2 ns minimum integration time. It is sensitive to both optical photons as well as soft X-rays up to ∼6 keV. The Hippogriff camera is the second generation UXI camera that contains circuitry to trade spatial resolution for additional frames of temporal coverage. The user can reduce the row-wise spatial resolution from the native 25 μm to increase the number of frames in a data set to 4 frames at 50 μm or 8 frames at 100 μm spatial resolution. This feature, along with both optical and X-ray sensitivity, facilitates additional experimental flexibility. Minimum signal is 1500 erms and full well is 1.5 million e-.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2016
ScopusOSTI

An overview of the ultra-fast X-ray imager (UXI) program at Sandia Labs

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Claus, Liam D.; Fang, Lu F.; Kay, R.; Kimmel, Mark W.; Long, J.; Robertson, Gideon R.; Sanchez, Marcos O.; Stahoviak, John W.; Trotter, D.; Porter, John L.

The Ultra-Fast X-ray Imager (UXI) program is an ongoing effort at Sandia National Laboratories to create high speed, multi-frame, time gated Read Out Integrated Circuits (ROICs), and a corresponding suite of photodetectors to image a wide variety of High Energy Density (HED) physics experiments on both Sandia's Z-Machine and the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The program is currently fielding a 1024 x 448 prototype camera with 25 μm pixel spatial resolution, 2 frames of in-pixel storage and the possibility of exchanging spatial resolution to achieve 4 or 8 frames of storage. The camera's minimum integration time is 2 ns. Minimum signal target is 1500 e-rms and full well is 1.5 million e-. The design and initial characterization results will be presented as well as a description of future imagers.

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TYPE Conference Poster YEAR 2015
ScopusOSTI
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24 Results