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Cost estimate for a proposed GDF Suez LNG testing program

Brady, Patrick D.; Jernigan, Dann A.; Lopez Mestre, Carlos L.; Luketa, Anay L.; Nissen, Mark R.; Hightower, Marion M.

At the request of GDF Suez, a Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) cost estimate was prepared for the design, construction, testing, and data analysis for an experimental series of large-scale (Liquefied Natural Gas) LNG spills on land and water that would result in the largest pool fires and vapor dispersion events ever conducted. Due to the expected cost of this large, multi-year program, the authors utilized Sandia's structured cost estimating methodology. This methodology insures that the efforts identified can be performed for the cost proposed at a plus or minus 30 percent confidence. The scale of the LNG spill, fire, and vapor dispersion tests proposed by GDF could produce hazard distances and testing safety issues that need to be fully explored. Based on our evaluations, Sandia can utilize much of our existing fire testing infrastructure for the large fire tests and some small dispersion tests (with some modifications) in Albuquerque, but we propose to develop a new dispersion testing site at our remote test area in Nevada because of the large hazard distances. While this might impact some testing logistics, the safety aspects warrant this approach. In addition, we have included a proposal to study cryogenic liquid spills on water and subsequent vaporization in the presence of waves. Sandia is working with DOE on applications that provide infrastructure pertinent to wave production. We present an approach to conduct repeatable wave/spill interaction testing that could utilize such infrastructure.

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Image blur

Nissen, Mark R.

The image blur in a photograph is produced by the exposure of a moving object. Knowing the amount of image blur is important for recording useful data. If there is too much blur, it becomes hard to make quantitative measurements. This report discusses image blur, the parameters used to control it, and how to calculate it.

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10 Results
10 Results