Publications

Abstract not provided.

The U.S. military has been exploring pathways to reduce the logistical burden of fuel on virtually all their missions globally. Energy harvesting of local resources such as wind and solar can help increase the resilience and operational effectiveness of military units, especially at the most forward operating bases where the fuel logistics are most challenging. This report considers the potential benefits of wind energy provided by deployable wind turbines as measured by a reduction in fuel consumption and supply convoys to a hypothetical network of Army Infantry Brigade Combat Team bases. Two modeling and simulation tools are used to represent the bases and their operations and quantify the impacts of system design variables that include wind turbine technologies, battery storage, number of turbines, and wind resource quality. The System of Systems Analysis Toolkit Joint Operational Energy Model serves as a baseline scenario for comparison. The Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources simulation tool is used to optimize a single base within the larger Joint Operational Energy Model. The results of both tools show that wind turbines can provide significant benefits to contingency bases in terms of reduced fuel use and number of convoy trips to resupply the base. The match between the turbine design and wind resource, which is statistically low across most of the global land area, is a critical design consideration. The addition of battery storage can enhance the benefits of wind turbines, especially in systems with more wind turbines and higher wind resources. Wind turbines may also provide additional benefits to other metrics such as resilience that may be important but not fully considered in the current analysis. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank the following individuals for their helpful support, feedback and review to improve this report: U.S. Department of Energy Wind Energy Technologies Office, Patrick Gilman and Bret Barker; Idaho National Laboratory, Jake Gentle and Bradley Whipple; The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Robert Preus and Tony Jimenez; Sandia National Laboratories, Alan Nanco, Dennis Anderson, and Hai Le. In addition, numerous discussions with military and industry stakeholders over the year were invaluable in focusing the efforts represented in this report.

Abstract not provided.

Abstract not provided.

Calculating operational availability (Ao) for a system of systems (SoS) presents unique challenges to reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) assessment, modeling, and analysis. System interdependencies and complex interrelated sustainment operations that exist in a SoS present complexities that must be accounted for in calculating or estimating Ao for the SoS. These system interdependencies affect the operating, operable, and down times of the individual systems. Both system-level and SoS-level Ao performance must be assessed within the SoS context for logistics and planning purposes. However, metrics calculated for the individual systems as part of the SoS may not be appropriate for assessing the individual system performance against their individual system requirements. In most cases, simulation modeling is required to capture the complex operating, operable, and down time hours of a SoS and the systems in the SoS, and to accurately aggregate the individual system availabilities to higher SoS levels. This paper explores some of the complexities involved in SoS Ao modeling and presents So S simulation results from a modeled SoS application.

Abstract not provided.