Publications

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In order to consider and understand emerging energy storage technologies, data analysis can be executed to ascertain proper operation and performance. The technical benefits of rigorous testing and data analysis are important for the customer, the planner, developer, and system operator: the end-user has a safe, reliable system that performs predictably on a macro level. The test-and-analyze approach to verifying performance of energy storage devices, equipment, and systems integration into the grid improves the understanding of the value of energy storage over time from the economic vantage point. Demonstrating the lifecycle value of energy storage begins with the data the provider supplies for analysis. After review of energy storage data received from several providers, it has become clear that some ESS data is inconsistent and incomplete - thus leading to a question of the inefficacy of the data when it comes time to analyze it. This paper will review and propose general guidelines such as sampling rates and data points that providers must supply in order for robust data analysis to take place. Consistent guidelines are the basis of the proper protocol to (a) reduce time it takes data to reach those who are providing analyses; (b) allow them to better understand the energy storage installations; and (c) provide high quality analysis of the installation. This paper intends to serve as a starting point for what data points should be provided when monitoring. As battery technologies continue to advance and the industry expands, this paper will be updated to remain current.

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The purpose of this study is to identify potential alternative uses for the LAC-owned BESS. One critical fact that must be considered in evaluating any profitable use of the BESS is the standby cost associated with keeping the NaS battery on-line, as it must be kept at 300 degrees Celsius at all times, regardless of whether it is being used or not. Standby for the NaS battery online requires approximately 80 MWh/month, costing approximately 28,000 dollars annually. Other relevant costs include a 22,000 dollar annual maintenance contract required for the NaS, and accounting for any losses due to inefficiencies during the operation of the battery. County operations personnel respond to all alarms and visit the BESS on a monthly basis to walk down the site. It estimated this cost approximately 10,000 dollars per year. The total cost of maintaining and keeping the NaS battery on-line for a year, then, is roughly 60,000 dollars.

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The Sterling Municipal Light Department (SMLD) is a progressive public power utility located 10 miles NNE of Worcester, Massachusetts in the Town of Sterling. SMLD has a long history of investment in renewable generation, with approximately 35% of generation coming from renewable sources. The goal of this report is to identify potential benefits and value streams from electrical energy storage. Benefits considered in this analysis include: energy arbitrage, frequency regulation, reduction in monthly network load, reduction in capacity payments to ISO New England, and grid resiliency.

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