Publications

The Trajectory Analysis and Optimization System (TAOS) is software that simulates point--mass trajectories for multiple vehicles. It expands upon the capabilities of the Trajectory Simulation and Analysis program (TAP) developed previously at Sandia National Laboratories. TAOS is designed to be a comprehensive analysis tool capable of analyzing nearly any type of three degree-of-freedom, point-mass trajectory. Trajectories are broken into segments, and within each segment, guidance rules provided by the user control how the trajectory is computed. Parametric optimization provides a powerful method for satisfying mission-planning constraints. Althrough TAOS is not interactive, its input and output files have been designed for ease of use. When compared to TAP, the capability to analyze trajectories for more than one vehicle is the primary enhancement, although numerous other small improvements have been made. This report documents the methods used in TAOS as well as the input and output file formats.

A computer code has been developed to determine the size of a ground-launched, multistage missile which can intercept a theater ballistic missile before it leaves the atmosphere. Typical final conditions for the inteceptor are 450 km range, 60 km altitude, and 80 sec flight time. Given the payload mass (35 kg), which includes a kinetic kill vehicle, and achievable values for the stage mass fractions (0.85), the stage specific impulses (290 sec), and the vehicle density (60 lb/ft3), the launch mass is minimized with respect to the stage payload mass ratios, the stage burn times, and the missile angle of attack history subject to limits on the angle of attack (10 deg), the dynamic pressure (60,000 psf), and the maneuver load (200,000 psf deg). For a conical body, the minimum launch mass is approximately 1900 kg. The missile has three stages, and the payload coasts for 57 sec. A trade study has been performed by varying the flight time, the range, and the dynamic pressure limits. With the results of a sizing study for a 70 lb payload and qmar = 35,000 psf, a more detailed design has been carried out to determine heat shield mass, tabular aerodynamics, and altitude dependent thrust. The resulting missile has approximately 100 km less range than the sizing program predicted primarily because of the additional mass required for heat protection. On the other hand, launching the same missile from an aircraft increases its range by approximately 100 km. Sizing the interceptor for air launch with the same final conditions as the ground-launched missile reduces its launch mass to approximately 1000 kg.

The Hypersonic Arbitrary-Body Aerodynamics (HABA) computer program predicts static and dynamic aerodynamic derivatives at hypersonic speeds for any vehicle geometry. It is intended to be used during conceptual design studies where fast computational speed is required. It uses the same geometry and hypersonic aerodynamic methods as the Mark IV Supersonic/Hypersonic Arbitrary-Body Program (SHABP) developed under sponsorship of the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory; however, the input and output formats have been improved to make it easier to use. This program is available as part of the Department 9140 CAE software.

The purpose of this report is to provide some basic information to beginning users of Department 9140's Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) workstations. These workstations are all Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) color VAXstations, and they use the VAX/VMS operating system. This manual shows users how to boot the workstations, login, use the window interface, and use some basic VMS commands. It also discusses some of the CAE software available on the workstations, such as ANVIL-5000. References are given so users can get additional information. 25 refs., 27 figs.

The Engineering Graphics System (EGS) is a computer program for use on Digital Equipment Corporation VAXstation color workstations. Its purpose is to manage and plot sets of engineering analysis data for use in reports and presentations. It is capable of producing nearly any type of x-y plot from a set of tabulated data. After the plot curves have been retrieved from the tabulated data, EGS can be used to interactively modify the appearance of the plot for use in a report or presentation. Modifications appear on the workstation display exactly as they appear on final hardcopy, which avoids costly iterations. Hardcopy plots can be made on two different black and white laser printers and on two different color printers, and plots can be converted for use by the Interleaf technical publishing software. 222 figs.