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Coupled Mode Theory as a Unifying Concept in Multi-Mode Patch Antenna Design

Borchardt, John J.

Coupled Mode Theory (CMT) is a classic model that addresses many diverse problems in physics and electrical engineering. Although CMT is well-established in areas such as filter and directional coupler design, its significance in antenna engineering is less well-recognized. Recently, Characteristic Mode Analysis has shown how CMT quantitatively models a wide variety of broadband, multi-mode patch structures. In this paper, we review these results and discuss the similarities and differences between these radiators through the lens of CMT. With these principles in mind, multi-mode radiators may be designed in a straightforward manner and new ideas for broadband, multi-mode patches are stimulated.