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A Current and Charge Integral Equation for Dielectric Regions in the Time Domain

Roth, Thomas E.; Chew, Weng C.

Emerging classical and quantum applications require computational electromagnetics methods that can efficiently analyze complex structures over wide bandwidths, including down to very low frequencies. This work begins to address these needs by presenting a type of charge and current integral equation that has been formulated in the time domain and is applicable to dielectric regions. This system introduces charge densities as unknowns in addition to the current densities, resulting in a system that does not exhibit a low frequency breakdown. An appropriate marching-on-in-time discretization scheme is discussed so that stable and accurate results can be achieved down to very low frequencies. Numerical results are shown to verify the accuracy and stability of this formulation.