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Unlimited-bandwidth distributed optical phase modulators and detectors: Design and fabrication issues

Vawter, G.A.; Hietala, V.M.; Kravitz, S.H.; Armendariz, M.G.

Practical and theoretical limits on the bandwidth of distributed optical phase modulators and traveling-wave photodetectors are given. For the case of perfect velocity matching, RF transmission losses are the main performance-limiting factor. However, some high-performance modulators require highly-capacitive transmission lines making proper slow-wave operation difficult to achieve.