Lightly damped electromechanical oscillations are a source of concern in the western interconnect. Recent development of a reliable real-time wide-area measurement system (WaMS) has enabled the potential for large-scale damping control approaches for stabilizing critical oscillation modes. a recent research project has focused on the development of a prototype feedback modulation controller for the Pacific DC Intertie (PDCI) aimed at stabilizing such modes. The damping controller utilizes real-time WaMS signals to form a modulation command for the DC power on the PDCI. This paper summarizes results from the first actual-system closed-loop tests. Results demonstrate desirable performance and improved modal damping consistent with previous model studies.
This letter presents a new frequency control strategy that takes advantage of communications and fast responding resources such as photovoltaic generation, energy storage, wind generation, and demand response, termed collectively as converter interfaced generators (CIGs). The proposed approach uses an active monitoring of power imbalances to rapidly redispatch CIGs. This approach differs from previously proposed frequency control schemes in that it employs feed-forward control based on a measured power imbalance rather than relying on a frequency measurement. Time-domain simulations of the full Western Electricity Coordinating Council system are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, showing improved performance.
This paper proposes a method of enabling photovoltaic (PV) power plants to participate in primary frequency response by providing synthetic inertia (SI). This variation, referred to as communication enabled synthetic inertia (CE-SI), utilizes communication capabilities to provide global system frequency information to PV plants to emulate the inertial response of synchronous generators. The performance of CE-SI is analyzed with respect to the challenges associated with communication, such as latency and availability. Results indicate improvements in frequency response over SI using local frequency measurements when communication latency is sufficiently small.
This paper describes the design strategy and testing results of a control system to improve damping of inter-area oscillations in the western North American Power System (wNAPS) in order to maintain dynamic stability of the grid. Extensive simulation studies and actual test results on the wNAPS demonstrate significant improvements in damping of inter-area oscillations of most concern without reducing damping of peripheral oscillations. The design strategy of the control system features three novel attributes: (1) The feedback law for the control system is constructed using real-time measurements acquired from Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) located throughout the power grid. (2) Control actuation is delivered by the modulation of real power flow through a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission line. (3) A supervisory system, integrated into the control system is in charge of determining damping effectiveness, maintaining failsafe operation, and ensuring that no harm is done to the grid.
To demonstrate and validate the performance of the wide-area damping control system, the project plans to conduct closed-loop tests on the PDCI in spring/summer 2017. A test plan details the open and closed loop tests to be conducted on the PDCI using the wide-area damping control system. To ensure the appropriate level of preparedness, simulations were performed in order to predict and evaluate any possible unsafe operations before hardware experiments are attempted. This report contains the results from these simulations using the power system dynamics software PSLF (Power System Load Flow, trademark of GE). The simulations use the WECC (Western Electricity Coordinating Council) 2016 light summer and heavy summer base cases and the 2014 dual export base case. Because of the large volume of plots, the results were divided into three reports corresponding to the three base cases. This report contains results from the 2016 light summer base case.
To demonstrate and validate the performance of the wide-area damping control system, the project plans to conduct closed-loop tests on the PDCI in spring/summer 2017. A test plan details the open and closed loop tests to be conducted on the PDCI using the wide-area damping control system. To ensure the appropriate level of preparedness, simulations were performed in order to predict and evaluate any possible unsafe operations before hardware experiments are attempted. This report contains the results from these simulations using the power system dynamics software PSLF (Power System Load Flow, trademark of GE). The simulations use the WECC (Western Electricity Coordinating Council) 2016 light summer and heavy summer base cases and the 2014 dual export base case. Because of the large volume of plots, the results were divided into three reports corresponding to the three base cases. This report contains results from the 2016 heavy summer base case.
To demonstrate and validate the performance of the wide-area damping control system, the project plans to conduct closed-loop tests on the PDCI in spring/summer 2017. A test plan details the open and closed loop tests to be conducted on the PDCI using the wide-area damping control system. To ensure the appropriate level of preparedness, simulations were performed in order to predict and evaluate any possible unsafe operations before hardware experiments are attempted. This report contains the results from these simulations using the power system dynamics software PSLF (Power System Load Flow, trademark of GE). The simulations use the WECC (Western Electricity Coordinating Council) 2016 light summer and heavy summer base cases and the 2014 dual export base case. Because of the large volume of plots, the results were divided into three reports corresponding to the three base cases. This report contains results from the 2014 dual export base case.
To demonstrate and validate the performance of the wide-are a damping control system, the project plans to conduct closed-loop tests on the PDCI in summer/fall 2016. A test plan details the open and closed loop tests to be conducted on the P DCI using the wide-area damping control system. To ensure the appropriate level of preparedness, simulations were performed in order to predict and evaluate any possible unsafe operations before hardware experiments are attempted. This report contains the result s from these simulations using the power system dynamics software PSLF (Power System Load Flow, trademark of GE). The simulations use the WECC (Western Electricity Coordinating Council) 2016 light summer and heavy summer base cases.
The goal of this effort was to assess the effect of high penetration solar deployment on the small signal stability of the western North American power system (wNAPS). Small signal stability is concerned with the system response to small disturbances, where the system is operating in a linear region. The study area consisted of the region governed by the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC). General Electric's Positive Sequence Load Flow software (PSLF®) was employed to simulate the power system. A resistive brake insertion was employed to stimulate the system. The data was then analyzed in MATLAB1® using subspace methods (Eigensystem Realization Algorithm). Two different WECC base cases were analyzed: 2022 light spring and 2016 heavy summer. Each base case was also modified to increase the percentage of wind and solar. In order to keep power flows the same, the modified cases replaced conventional generation with renewable generation. The replacements were performed on a regional basis so that solar and wind were placed in suitable locations. The main finding was that increased renewable penetration increases the frequency of inter-area modes, with minimal impact on damping. The slight increase in mode frequency was consistent with the loss of inertia as conventional generation is replaced with wind and solar. Then, distributed control of renewable generation was assessed as a potential mitigation, along with an analysis of the impact of communications latency on the distributed control algorithms.