Publications

Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Phalen, J., Mallants, D., & Mallants, D. (2022). Progress Toward a Deep Borehole Field Demonstration - Slides [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/2006152

Klein-Bendavid, O., Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Calvo, R., Balaban, N., Peer, G., & Peer, G. (2022). Borehole Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Israel [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/2003259

Stein, E., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2022). DOE?s Disposal Research Activities: Geologic Disposal Safety Assessment (GDSA) and Direct Disposal of Dual-Purpose Canisters (DPCs) [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/2003185

Freeze, G., Phalen, J., Mallants, D., Sassani, D.C., & Sassani, D.C. (2022). Progress Toward a Deep Borehole Field Demonstration [Conference Paper]. Proceedings of the International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM 2022, Embedded with the 2022 ANS Winter Meeting. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85179681747&origin=inward

Freeze, G. (2021). Nuclear Waste Management and Deep Borehole Disposal R&D at Sandia National Laboratories [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1899464

Sassani, D.C., Birkholzer, J., Camphouse, R., Freeze, G., Stein, E., & Stein, E. (2021). SFWST Disposal Research R&D 5-Year Plan - FY2021 Update. 10.2172/1824276

Freeze, G., Bonano, E.J., Swift, P., Kalinina, E.A., Hardin, E., Price, L.L., Durbin, S., Rechard, R.P., Gupta, K., & Gupta, K. (2021). Integration of the Back End of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle. 10.2172/1817319

Saltzstein, S.J., Hanson, B., Sassani, D.C., Stein, E., Freeze, G., Bryan, C.R., Durbin, S., Kalinina, E.A., Larson, N., & Larson, N. (2021). US DOE Scientific-Technical R&D Work to Address Safety Assessments of Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage and Transportation [Conference Paper]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1882319

Saltzstein, S.J., Honnold, P., Freeze, G., Montgomery, R., Hanson, B., Billone, M., Larson, N., & Larson, N. (2021). Accident Tolerant and Advanced Nuclear Fuels: Back End Key Findings and Plans [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1866195

Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Brady, P.V., Hardin, E., Mallants, D., & Mallants, D. (2021). The Need for a Borehole Disposal Field Test for Operations and Emplacement - Presentation [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/1848043

Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Brady, P.V., Hardin, E., Mallants, D., & Mallants, D. (2020). The Need for a Borehole Disposal Field Test for Operations and Emplacement [Conference Paper]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1840097

Mallants, D., Bonano, E.J., Freeze, G., Brady, P.V., Sassani, D.C., & Sassani, D.C. (2020). Borehole Disposal Demonstration Project: Overview & Collaboration Opportunities [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1835226

Freeze, G., Sevougian, S.D., Kuhlman, K.L., Gross, M., Wolf, J., Buhmann, D., Bartol, J., Leigh, C., Monig, J., & Monig, J. (2020). Generic FEPs Catalogue and Salt Knowledge Archive. 10.2172/1815346

Saltzstein, S.J., Hanson, B., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2020). Spent Fuel and Waste Science and Technology Storage and Transportation R&D Strategic Plan [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/1830906

Freeze, G. (2020). Space Launch Safety at Sandia National Laboratories [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/1831035

Mallants, D., Bonano, E.J., Freeze, G., Brady, P.V., Sassani, D.C., & Sassani, D.C. (2020). Borehole Disposal Demonstration Project: Overview and Collaboration Opportunities [Conference Presentation]. 10.2172/1829231

Durbin, S., Bonano, E.J., Freeze, G., Saltzstein, S.J., & Saltzstein, S.J. (2020). Overview of Proposed Spent Nuclear FuelStorage Canister Testing [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1819042

McIlroy, A., Bonano, E.J., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2020). Sandia Overview - ISS / EHS / SEES [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1820267

Freeze, G. (2020). Regulatory Requirements for Scenario Development ? Yucca Mountain (USA) [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1813521

Freeze, G. (2020). From Features Events and Processes (FEPs) to Scenarios -Yucca Mountain and Generic (USA) [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1813536

Freeze, G., Howard, R., & Howard, R. (2020). Cross-Cutting Research and Development [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1809207

Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Klein-Bendavid, O., Peer, G., Calvo, R., & Calvo, R. (2020). Borehole Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Israel - Slides [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1770724

Stein, E., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2020). Generic Post-Closure Performance Assessment for Deep Borehole Disposal of Heat-Generating Waste [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1770848

Freeze, G., Howard, R., & Howard, R. (2020). Cross-Cutting Topics [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1773273

Lopez, C.M., Stein, E., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2020). Hydrologic Modeling of Subsurface Brine Density Stratification for Deep Borehole Disposal [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1766733

Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Klein-Ben David, O., Calvo, R., Peer, G., & Peer, G. (2019). Borehole Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Israel [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1761021

Stein, E., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2019). Generic Post-Closure Safety Assessment for Deep Borehole Disposal of Heat-Generating Waste ? 20451 [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1761567

Teague, M.C., Saltzstein, S.J., Hanson, B., Sorenson, K.B., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2019). Gap Analysis to Guide DOE R&D in Supporting Extended Storage and Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel: An FY2019 Assessment (Final Report). 10.2172/1592862

Lopez, C.M., Stein, E., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2019). Hydrologic Modeling of Subsurface Brine Density Stratification for Deep Borehole Disposal [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1643371

Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2019). Borehole Disposal Experience and Approaches [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1646220

Lopez, C.M., Stein, E., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2019). Hydrologic Modeling of Subsurface Brine Density Stratification for Deep Borehole Disposal [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1643618

Freeze, G., Stein, E., & Stein, E. (2019). U.S. Progress in Geologic Disposal Safety Assessment (GDSA) Framework [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1645609

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Brady, P.V., Foulk, J.W., Sassani, D.C., Travis, K., Gibb, F., & Gibb, F. (2019). Deep borehole disposal safety case. Energies, 12(11). 10.3390/en12112141

Freeze, G., Bonano, E.J., Kalinina, E.A., Meacham, J., Price, L.L., Swift, P., Beckman, D.A., Meacham, P., & Meacham, P. (2019). Comparative Cost Analysis of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management Alternatives. 10.2172/1762633

Freeze, G. (2019). Cross-Cutting Integration DR/ST/IWM [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1648837

Freeze, G. (2019). Direct Disposal of Dual Purpose Canisters (DPCs) - IAEA Slides [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1648777

Freeze, G. (2019). Performance Assessment (PA) and Safety Case Overview for Borehole Disposal of Radioactive Waste [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1644567

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Brady, P.V., Lopez, C.M., Sassani, D.C., Travis, K., Gibb, F., & Gibb, F. (2019). Deep Borehole Disposal Safety Case. 10.2172/1497222

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2019). Post-Closure performance assessment for deep borehole disposal of Cs/Sr capsules. Energies, 12(10). 10.3390/en12101980

MacKinnon, R.J., Freeze, G., Ofra Klein Ben-David, N., Rani Calvo, G., & Rani Calvo, G. (2018). Borehole Disposal [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1761140

Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2018). Safety Case for Deep Borehole Disposal of SNF and HLW [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1569128

Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2018). Safety Case for Deep Borehole Disposal of SNF and HLW - Slides [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1569120

MacKinnon, R.J., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2018). Part 1: Introduction to Borehole Disposal [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1568037

Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2018). Part 2: Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) and Deep Borehole Field Test (DBFT) [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1568038

MacKinnon, R.J., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., & Hardin, E. (2018). Part 6: Engineering [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1568035

Freeze, G. (2018). Part 7: Project Plan Overview [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1567799

Freeze, G., Bonano, E.J., Swift, P., Kalinina, E.A., & Kalinina, E.A. (2018). Integration of the Back End of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: System Analyses [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1512011

Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2018). Safety Case for Deep Borehole Disposal of SNF and HLW - Abstract [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1510567

MacKinnon, R.J., Freeze, G., Perry, F., & Perry, F. (2018). Deep Borehole Disposal: Overview of Concept and U.S. Research [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1504321

Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2017). Deep Borehole Disposal: Overview of U.S. Research [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1484087

Freeze, G. (2017). FEP Catalogue Database and Knowledge Archive [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1469050

Freeze, G., McMahon, K.A., & McMahon, K.A. (2017). Design and TSPA Overview HLBC 2017 [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1476804

Freeze, G. (2017). DBD Overview HLBC 2017 [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1476806

Freeze, G. (2017). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) Process Model Integration [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1367330

Freeze, G. (2017). International Collaborations on Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1367331

Freeze, G. (2017). Deep Borehole Field Test (DBFT) FY17 Project Activities [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1367336

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Frederick, J.M., Hammond, G.E., Kuhlman, K.L., & Kuhlman, K.L. (2017). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) Performance Assessment (PA) Modeling [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1367337

Matteo, E.N., Sassani, D.C., Kuhlman, K.L., Freeze, G., Brady, P.V., Dewers, T., Sobolik, S., Gomez, S.P., Taha, M., Stormont, J.C., & Stormont, J.C. (2017). Engineered Seals and Barriers in Subsurface Service Environments [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1431637

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Kuhlman, K.L., Hammond, G.E., Frederick, J.M., & Frederick, J.M. (2017). Probabilistic Performance Assessment for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules - Slides [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1431536

Price, L.L., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., & Hardin, E. (2017). Overview of Features Processes and Events Affecting the Postclosure Performance of a Deep Borehole Disposal Facility [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1431537

Kuhlman, K.L., Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2017). Drilling and testing in the deep borehole field test [Conference Poster]. ANS IHLRWM 2017 - 16th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference: Creating a Safe and Secure Energy Future for Generations to Come - Driving Toward Long-Term Storage and Disposal. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85040197557&origin=inward

Freeze, G. (2016). Deep Borehole Field Test Overview and Science Needs [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1417455

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Kuhlman, K.L., Hammond, G.E., Frederick, J.M., & Frederick, J.M. (2016). Probabilistic Performance Assessment for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1417570

Kuhlman, K.L., Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2016). Site Characterization in a Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. 10.1130/abs/2016AM-285070

Kuhlman, K.L., Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2016). Drilling and Testing in the Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1415174

Price, L.L., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., & Hardin, E. (2016). Overview of Features Events and Processes Affecting the Postclosure Performance of a Deep Borehole Disposal Facility [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1408307

Freeze, G. (2016). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) of Radioactive Waste [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1420819

Freeze, G. (2016). Probabilistic Performance Assessment for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules - DRAFT [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1422122

Freeze, G. (2016). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) Process Models and Testing [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1428144

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Price, L.L., MacKinnon, R.J., Tillman, J., & Tillman, J. (2016). Deep Borehole Disposal Safety Analysis. 10.2172/1330929

Kuhlman, K.L., Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2016). Site Characterization for the Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1398321

Freeze, G., Wolf, J., & Wolf, J. (2016). FEP Catalogue and Database [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1378857

Sevougian, S.D., Freeze, G., Gross, M., Kuhlman, K.L., Leigh, C., Wolf, J., Buhmann, D., Moenig, J., & Moenig, J. (2016). Joint US-German FEPs Catalog [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1378870

Kuhlman, K.L., Hardin, E., Brady, P.V., Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2016). Site Characterization for the Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. 10.1130/abs/2016AM-285070

Brady, P.V., Freeze, G., Kuhlman, K.L., Sassani, D.C., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2016). Deep Borehole Introduction and Concept Status [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1368915

Freeze, G., Sevougian, S.D., Kuhlman, K.L., Leigh, C., Gross, M., & Gross, M. (2016). Feature Event and Process (FEP) Catalogue for SNF/HLW Disposal in Salt [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1368929

Freeze, G., Stein, E., Kuhlman, K.L., Hammond, G.E., Frederick, J.M., & Frederick, J.M. (2016). Safety Case for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1530038

Freeze, G. (2016). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) Safety Case Framework [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1368944

Freeze, G., Brady, P.V., Hardin, E., Kuhlman, K.L., MacKinnon, R.J., Sassani, D.C., & Sassani, D.C. (2016). Current Status of the U.S. Deep Borehole Field Test (DBFT) [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1368945

Stein, E., Freeze, G., Kuhlman, K.L., Hammond, G.E., Frederick, J.M., & Frederick, J.M. (2016). Deep Borehole Disposal: Preliminary Performance Assessment [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1368976

Freeze, G. (2016). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) Session Summary [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1368149

Freeze, G., Brady, P.V., Hardin, E., MacKinnon, R.J., Stein, E., Hadgu, T., & Hadgu, T. (2016). Safety Case Considerations for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules - Slides [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1346109

Hadgu, T., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., Stein, E., Hammond, G.E., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2016). ADVANCES IN THERMAL-HYDROLOGIC MODELING OF NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL IN DEEP BOREHOLES [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1346327

Freeze, G. (2016). Update on FEP Catalogue for SNF/HLW Disposal in Rock Salt [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1428005

Freeze, G., Brady, P.V., Hardin, E., MacKinnon, R.J., Sevougian, S.D., Stein, E., Hadgu, T., & Hadgu, T. (2015). Safety Case Considerations for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1340557

Kuhlman, K.L., Hardin, E., Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2015). Site Characterization for a Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1335736

Sassani, D.C., Kuhlman, K.L., Freeze, G., MacKinnon, R.J., Perry, F.V., & Perry, F.V. (2015). Site Guidelines for a Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1648716

Freeze, G. (2015). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD) Performance Assessment [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1336291

Stein, E., Hammond, G.E., Freeze, G., Hadgu, T., & Hadgu, T. (2015). Numerical Modeling of Deep Borehole Disposal Performance [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1336318

Hadgu, T., Stein, E., Hardin, E., Freeze, G., Hammond, G.E., & Hammond, G.E. (2015). Thermal-Hydrology Simulations of Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste in a Single Deep Borehole. 10.2172/1226789

Brady, P.V., Kuhlman, K.L., Freeze, G., Sassani, D.C., Hardin, E., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2015). The US Deep Borehole Field Test [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1648712

Freeze, G. (2015). Safety Case Considerations for Deep Borehole Disposal of Cs/Sr Capsules -DRAFT [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1331917

Hadgu, T., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., Stein, E., Hammond, G.E., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2015). Advances in Thermal-Hydrologic Modeling of Nuclear Waste Disposal in Deep Boreholes [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1331919

Sassani, D.C., Hardin, E., Kuhlman, K.L., Freeze, G., Swift, P., Brady, P.V., & Brady, P.V. (2015). NWTRB Workshop on Deep Borehole Disposal: Poster Session Slides [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1334930

Freeze, G. (2015). Joint US-German Activities on the FEP Catalogue and Scenario Development [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1531062

Freeze, G. (2015). Deep Borehole Disposal (DBD): Licensing and Post-Closure Safety Assessment [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1266820

Freeze, G. (2015). Deep Borehole Disposal Work Package: Overview [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1257125

Kuzio, S., Villa, D.L., Jennings, B.J., Snider, C., Freeze, G., & Freeze, G. (2015). 2015 Accomplishments 3 [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1506865

Brady, P.V., Kuhlman, K.L., Sassani, D.C., Freeze, G., Hardin, E., MacKinnon, R.J., & MacKinnon, R.J. (2015). The U.S. Deep Borehole Field Test [Presentation]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1258260

Freeze, G., Kirkes, G.R., Leigh, C., & Leigh, C. (2015). Scenario Development in the U.S [Conference Poster]. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1255004