Publications Details

Impact of Inverter Based Resource Negative Sequence Current Injection on Transmission System Protection

Behnke, Michael R.; Custer, Gary; Farantatos, Evangelos; Fischer, Normann; Guttromson, Ross; Isaacs, Andrew; Majumder, Rajat; Pant, Siddhart; Patel, Manish; Reddy-Konala, Venkat; Voloh, Ilia

This report documents the results of analysis performed to investigate the impact of inverter-based resource (IBR) response to unbalanced faults on transmission system protective relay dependability and security. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations were performed to simulate IBR response to these faults using existing manufacturer-developed EMT models for four separate IBRs. The study team was composed of IBR manufacturers, relay manufacturers, transmission providers, reliability coordinators and industry consultants with experience in EMT simulation and system protection. The results indicate that under certain conditions, IBR response can result in protective relay misoperations if current protection practices, which were developed based on conventional power sources, are not adapted to the characteristics of IBRs.