# 1. Fuego Overview

Sierra/Fuego is a low-Mach CFD solver primarily used for simulating:

> - Fire environments (internal and external)

>   - Eddy-dissipation-concept and flamelet combustion models

>   - Coupling with Sierra/PMR for participating media radiation

>   - Composite decomposition models

> - Buoyancy driven flows

> - Conjugate heat transfer (coupled with Sierra/Aria)

> - Turbulent flow (including RANS, LES, and DES models)

> - Multiphase liquid/gas flows using volume-of-fluid (VOF)

> - Particle transport and coupling with fluid flow

Fire simulations are the primary Fuego application area, and are used to support weapon system qualification and safety assessments. Fuego is also used for a variety of non-fire applications including conjugate heat transfer, acoustic coupling with Sierra/SM and Sierra/SD, multi-phase flow problems, and general turbulent flow simulations.

Table 1.1 Fuego image gallery

Documents containing results obtained through use of this software should cite

    @TECHREPORT{
      SAND2026-16498O,
      author = "Sierra Thermal Fluids Team",
      title = "SIERRA Multimechanics Module: Fuego User Manual - Version 5.28",
      institution = "Sandia National Laboratories",
      year = "2026",
      type = "{SAND Report}",
      number = "2026-16498O",
      address = "Albuquerque, NM and Livermore, CA"
    }