

Another couple of dry weeks and the courts would have refereed a water rights dispute whose outcome would satisfy few. The conflict pitted farmers on the “senior ditch” (flanked by senior water rights holders) with upstream farmers and domestic well owners, who would have had to severely curtail their water use to allow the downstream users access to water.
The worst did not come to pass last summer, though all agree that at some point the junior rights holders in the Mimbres river basin will be ordered to cut back.
Map of the Gila/San Francisco river basinIt is a scenario that is playing out across the western United States, portions of which are in an extended drought, says Sandia researcher Vince Tidwell. Surface water and groundwater rights are being contested, suits are being filed to protect aquatic and riparian habitat, and communities and companies are scrambling to assign limited water rights to future demands.