Delete: The existing Note following the Table of Contents entry,
“Attachments,” as follows: “Note:
Many of the attachments consist of tables of chemicals that are known or thought to present a variety of hazards. These lists must be used with caution, because in general, exposure quantities or paths that produce the effects indicated are not listed in the tables. The original reference for tables should be consulted for more complete information when evaluating risks presented by particular laboratory operations. These lists are intended to serve only as a preliminary source of information for evaluating laboratory risks.”
Add: A new Note following the Table of Contents entry, “Attachments,“ with the following text: “Note: Chemicals can present a variety of hazards. A good source of information on chemical hazards is the Sandia Chemical Information System (CIS). The CIS contains a database of Material Safety Data Sheets. In addition, the CIS contains lists of chemicals according to various hazard categories
and can search chemical inventories according to the categories. The following are examples of some of these lists of chemicals. The user can consult the CIS for a complete list of such documents as needed.”
- Add: The following lists of chemicals as examples of chemicals presenting potential hazards:
- California List of Drug Precursors (Sensitive Chemicals)
- National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Lists of Hazardous Materials According to Flammability, Health Hazard (Toxicity), or Reactivity
- Peroxide Forming Chemicals
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) List of Chemical Carcinogens
- National Toxicology Program (NTP) List of Chemical Carcinogens
- OSHA Particularly Hazardous Substances
- OSHA Carcinogens
- California Reproductive Toxins
- California Acutely Toxic Chemicals
- *Add: The following paragraph after the lists of chemicals: “These lists must be used with caution, because in general, exposure quantities or paths that produce the effects indicated are not included in the lists. These lists are intended to serve only as a preliminary source of information for evaluating laboratory risks. Additional factors, such as quantity of chemicals used, frequency and duration of use, physical and chemical properties, and exposure control measures need to be considered to determine the overall risk potential of a chemical.”
In Section 1, “Purpose, Scope, and Ownership,” subsection 1.1, “Purpose”:
- Add: After the first paragraph in subtopic 1.1, the paragraph, “This document is not intended to provide all-inclusive requirements or guidance for chemical operations, but should be used in concert with other Sandia Requirements documents, such as the ES&H Manual.”
- *Add: To the sentence preceding the list of excluded topics, the phrase, “materials, equipment, or systems.”
- *Change: In the list of excluded topics, “Toxic or corrosive gases” to “Toxic gases.”
- *Add: To the list of excluded topics, “Pressure safety.”
- “*Add: To the paragraph on responsibility (following the list of excluded topics), after the instruction to call the ES&H Hotline, the phrase, “or review ES&H Manual Chapter 21, ‘Technical Work Documents’”
In Section 1, “Purpose, Scope, and Ownership,” subsection 1.3, “Ownership”:
- Change: The name of the change contact (Subject Matter Expert) to Al Buerer.
In Section 2, “Responsibilities,” subsection 2.1, “General”:
- *Add: A new paragraph on Industrial Hygiene support, as follows: “Support regarding safe handling of chemicals as related to the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard and the Laboratory
Standard at SNL/CA is available from the Industrial Hygienists in the
Health and Safety Department, Organization 8517. The individual Industrial
Hygienists provide this support based on specific building assignments.
Contact the ES&H Coordinator for your Department or call the ES&H
Hotline at 294-3724 as needed to obtain Industrial Hygiene
support for assessing chemical hazards and controls."
In Section 2, “Responsibilities,” subsection 2.4, “Individual
Laboratory Owners and Workers”:
- Change: The “Environmental Operations Department” to
the “Environmental Management Department."
In Section 2, “Responsibilities,” subsection 2.5,” Deputy
Chemical Hygiene Officers (DCHOs)”:
- *Delete: The entire subsection on Deputy Chemical
Hygiene Officers (DCHOs)
In Section 2, “Responsibilities”:
- *Add: A new subsection 2.6,” Chemical Hygiene
Officer,” with description of duties as follows: “The Sandia
Chemical Hygiene Officer is the SNL/NM Subject Matter Expert for Section
6E ‘Laboratory Standard — Chemical Hygiene Plan.’ This
position currently resides in the Industrial Hygiene Compliance Services
and Radiation Protection Laboratories Department (Department 4121).”
In Section 3, “Definitions”:
- *Add: To the definition of carcinogen/select carcinogen,
the following sentence: “These are ‘Confirmed Human Carcinogens’ and ‘Suspected
Human Carcinogens,’ respectively.”
- *Delete: From the definition of chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs) the following text: “They persist in the atmosphere for
years until they reach high elevations, where they photochemically
decompose. Their decomposition products are believed to be responsible
for catalytic destruction of the protective ozone layer.”
- *Delete: From the definition of greenhouse gases,
the following text: “They are transparent to ultraviolet radiation
from the sun, but reflect infrared radiation that is emitted from the
earth.”
- *Delete: From the definition of pyrophoric, the following
words: “emitting sparks when scratched or struck.”
- *Delete: From the definition of sensitive chemicals,
the following text: “These are listed in Attachment A.”
- Change: In Table 1, the last column heading from “Chemicals“ to “Examples.”
- *Delete: From the definition of toxic, the following
text: “(see Attachment B for information on classifications).”
In Section 4, “Training”:
- *Delete: “TOX” from the series of applicable
training courses in the second paragraph.
- *Delete: “HAZ178” from the description
of the Hazard Communication Briefing requirement in the third paragraph.
In Section 5, “Protective Equipment,” subsection 5.2, “Personal
Protective Equipment”:
- *Delete: The first paragraph on eye and face protection as follows: “All personnel present in chemical
work areas when hazardous chemicals are in use shall use appropriate protective
glasses (ANSI Z87.1A approved), goggles, and/or face shields. Adequate
quantities of plastic safety glasses or goggles shall be conveniently available
for visitors. If there is a potential for irritants or corrosive chemicals
splashing in an operation, then splash-resistant safety goggles (i.e.,
with baffled vents) or face shields shall be worn.”
- *Add: The following requirements for eye and
face protection: “Face and eye protection shall be provided
and used where chemical splashes present a hazard. The minimum protection
is safety glasses with full sideshields for use with small quantities
of chemicals that are not highly toxic or corrosive. Chemical splash
goggles (with indirect venting) or full face shields with safety glasses
shall be used for eye protection when handling materials under
the following conditions:
- Caustics and hydrofluoric acid — eye injuries are more
serious than with other acids.
- High concentrations of other corrosives, such as acids, bases,
strong irritants, or highly toxics
- Chemicals used at elevated working temperatures. Chemical reactions,
including acid-base, fuel-oxidizer/reducing chemical, and solution
reactions, also generate heat. These reactions can be hazardous.
MSDSs provide advice about these types of hazards. In plating shops,
tank heaters may also use heating as part of the process.
- Performing work that generates splash, dust, mists, or aerosols.
Some electroplating and chemical processes create airborne mists.
Other processes that may require the use of goggles include air
agitation, pouring either large quantities of liquids or powders
or pouring from greater heights, vigorous mixing or sparging, or
any operation that creates corrosive splash or mists.
Note: Operations that generate aerosols may also
require respiratory protection as described in this section below.
- Any other operation where a chemical splash could cause injury
to eyes or skin
Chemical splash goggles are available from the Health and Safety Department,
Industrial Hygiene upon request or they can be purchased through outside
suppliers.”
- *Add: In the paragraph on appropriate gloves, the
term “corrosives” to the list of substances requiring the
use of gloves.
- Change: In the paragraph on appropriate gloves, the
term “gloves” to “glove materials.”
In Section 5, “Protective Equipment,” subsection 5.3, “Containment
Devices”:
- *Add: To the end of the subsection the following
requirements:
“Fume hoods shall not be used as storage devices for chemicals
or equipment unless required for inhalation safety or allowed by the
SNL
ES&H Manual. Users shall ensure that:
- the bottom slot is not blocked off by containers or equipment. If
possible, pieces of equipment which must be inside the hood should
be perched on raised shelves so that air can flow under such equipment
to the bottom slot.
- articles are placed in the hood no closer than 6 inches from the hood
face.
- the sash is lowered as much as possible, except when materials are
being placed in or removed from the hood.
- work which may emit airborne contaminants shall not be performed if
a hood is not functioning properly or if it is posted or tagged
out of service.”
In Section 5, “Protective Equipment,” subsection 5.5, “Fire
Extinguishers and Telephones”:
- *Add: In the sentence regarding telephones in chemical
work areas, the new requirement, “or portable communication device
such as a radio.”
In Section 6, “Procurement of Chemicals,” subsection 6.1, “General
Procurement Requirements”:
- *Change: The title of the subsection from “General
Guidelines” to “General Procurement Requirements.”
- *Move: The paragraph on MSDS availability from its
former position below general procurement guidance, to this subsection
on requirements.
- Add: To the end of the paragraph on MSDS availability,
information on the MSDS helpline, as follows: “the MSDS Helpline
at 294-MSDS.”
- *Add: A new paragraph directing users to Procurement
Card information, as follows: “Further information regarding
procurement of chemicals is available at the Procurement
Card homepage and
at the GSS
Fisher chemical supplier information page.”
In Section 6, “Procurement of Chemicals,” subsection 6.2, “General Procurement Guidance”:
- *Add: The new subsection title, “General Procurement
Guidance.”
- *Delete: From the paragraph noting the arrival and
barcoding of chemicals, the first sentence: “Purchase requisitions
for chemicals must be approved by an industrial hygienist in the Health
and Safety Department (8517).”
- *Add: To the sentence noting the arrival and barcoding
of chemicals, the following text: “thus chemical inventories
are available for review by using the Chemical Information System.”
In Section 6, “Procurement of Chemicals,” subsection 6.3, “Flammable Liquids”:
- *Delete: The current text on container sizes, as follows: “Flammable
liquids shall be procured in containers of sizes that conform to both OSHA
regulations and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) codes (see
Attachments C, D, E,
and F).”
- *Add: The following reference to further requirements: ”See
MN471001, ES&H Manual, Chapter 5, “Fire Protection” for
Information.”
In Section 6, “Procurement of Chemicals,” subsection 6.4, “Sensitive Chemicals”:
- *Delete: The reference to Attachment A.
- *Add: After the term “Sensitive chemicals,” the
phrase “(drugs or drug precursors).”
In Section 6, “Procurement of Chemicals,” subsection 6.5, “Explosive
Chemicals”:
- Delete: The reference to Attachment G.
In Section 7, “Storage of Chemicals,” subsection 7.1, “General
Chemical Storage Requirements”:
- *Change: The title of the subsection from “General
Guidelines” to “General Chemical Storage
Requirements.”
- Change: The reference in the bulleted list of requirements from “Attachment
H” to “Attachment A.”
- Change: The description of the information in Attachment
A in the third bullet from “a listing” to “examples.”
- *Move: The requirement for review of chemical degradation
from its former position below storage shed guidance, to this subsection
on requirements, as follows: “Some chemicals are subject to degradation
with time (see Attachment B [Word
file/Acrobat
file]) and storage of these materials shall be regularly reviewed.”
- *Add: To the requirement for review of chemical degradation
the phrase “by the user.”
- *Move: The paragraph on liquid chemical storage requirements
from its former position below storage shed guidance, to this subsection
on requirements.
- *Add: To the sentence on liquid chemical storage
quantities, after the phrase “greater than one pint,” the
words: “(or 500 ml)”
- *Add: To the sentence on solid chemicals, after the
phrase “do not require secondary containment,” the requirement “provided
that they are protected by some other manner against falling and breakage
in an earthquake (see “Seismic Considerations” below).”
- *Add: To the sentence on chemicals requiring secondary
containment, after the phrase “additional tubs, trays, etc.,
are not required,” the requirement “if the chemicals are
compatible.”
- *Move: The requirements for labeling secondary chemical
containers from their former position below storage shed guidance,
to this subsection on requirements, as follows: “Secondary chemical
containers shall be labeled with the chemical name and appropriate
hazard warning information. For more information, see MN471001, ES&H
Manual, Section
6D, "Hazard Communication Standard."
- *Add: Requirements for “Seismic Considerations,”as
follows: “Hazardous chemicals or materials stored in glass or
other breakable containers shall be protected from breakage during
earthquakes. Common methods include storage in cabinets with latching
doors, in spill pans at lower locations, or on shelves equipped with
earthquake strips, lips, rods, wires or other devices to prevent containers
from falling.”
In Section 7, “Storage of Chemicals,” subsection 7.2, “Storage
Guidance”:
- Add: The new subsection title, “Storage Guidance,” to
separate chemical storage requirements from existing storage guidance
on storage sheds.
- Delete: From the first bulleted item, the words “unmanned” and “if
possible.”
- Add: To the first bulleted item, the phrase “which
is not normally occupied.”
- Change: In the second bullet, “the Health and
Safety Department (8517)” to “Planning
and Construction Management Department (8512).”
In Section 7, “Storage of Chemicals,” subsection 7.3, “Carcinogens
and Select Carcinogens”:
- *Delete: The existing requirements on carcinogens
and select carcinogens, as follows: “Carcinogens and select
carcinogens (see Attachments J,
K [Word
file/Acrobat
file], and L [Word
file/Acrobat
file]) shall be stored in a designated area, such as a chemical storage
shed, cabinet, or refrigerator. The storage area shall be:
- Appropriate for other hazardous properties of such materials.
- Clearly labeled as containing carcinogens.
- Continuously ventilated if there is a possibility that vapors from
carcinogens could accumulate.”
- *Add: The following requirements:
- “Carcinogens used in laboratories are a sub-set of chemicals
defined by OSHA as “Particularly Hazardous Substances.”
See Section 8.4 for a discussion of the use of these materials in laboratories.
- OSHA carcinogens which are used in areas other than laboratories
may require special controls and monitoring. Contact Industrial Hygiene
for an assessment if these materials are used outside of laboratories.”
In Section 7, “Storage of Chemicals,” subsection 7.4, “Flammable
Chemicals”:
- Change: In the first paragraph, “the Health
and Safety Department (8517)” to “Planning
and Construction Management Department (8512).”
- Change: In the first paragraph, “Department
8517” to “Department 8512.”
In Section 7, “Storage of Chemicals,” subsection 7.5, “Sensitive
Chemicals”:
- *Add: To the first sentence, the phrase “preferably
separate from other chemicals.”
In Section 7, “Storage of Chemicals,” subsection 7.6, “Peroxidizable
Chemicals”:
- *Change: In the first sentence of the Note, the phrase “strict
requirements” to “information.”
- Add: To the Note, the sentence “An example
would be storage of a compound within a sealed ampoule and/or under
an inert atmosphere, thus prohibiting contact with air.”
- *Change: In the sentence of the Note regarding TWDs
and SWPs, “shall” to “should.”
- Change: In the first sentence of the paragraph following
the Note, the phrase “the appropriate” to “certain.”
- Change: The last sentence of the paragraph following
the Note, from “Users can contact Industrial
Hygiene for guidance regarding the relative potential for peroxide
formation” to “Users
can contact Waste Management on the ES&H Hotline at 294-3724 for guidance
regarding questions related to peroxide formation.”
- Change: The topic “Requirements” to “Storage
and Handling of Peroxidizable Chemicals.”
- *Delete: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, in the bullet on labeling, the phrase “and the disposal
date” and the following sentences: “If tested for peroxide
buildup, include such information on the label. Call the ES&H Hotline,
4-ESAH, to obtain standard labels.”
- *Delete: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, the following bullet: “For those chemicals that form
peroxides on concentration, Table 3, mark and date the liquid level
on the bottle, if possible, after each use. This will allow personnel
to note whether there has been leakage from the bottle during storage.
Leakage may lead to build-up of peroxide forming compounds.”
- *Delete: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, in the bullet on use, disposal, and labeling requirements,
the first two sentences, as follows: “Use or dispose of the containers
by the expiration date. If an expressed interest exists to retain the
chemical beyond the retention date, a measurement of peroxide levels
using an oxidizer test strip shall be taken.”
- *Add: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, in the bullet on use, disposal, and labeling requirements,
the following text: “Use or dispose of the containers by the
manufacturer’s
expiration date. If no expiration date is provided, containers should
either be tested by the owner/user for retention by measuring peroxide
levels, or disposed of according to the safe retention times given
below.” Containers
that have been tested for retention should be labeled to indicate the
test date and result.”
- *Change: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, in the bullet on use, disposal, and labeling requirements,
in the third sentence on tested containers, the phrase “peroxide
levels shall” to “retention should.”
- *Delete: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, in the bullet on use, disposal, and labeling requirements,
in the third sentence on tested containers, the phrase “and results.”
- *Delete: In the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, in the bullet on use, disposal, and labeling requirements,
the requirement (last sentence): “Chemical owners/users shall
be responsible for conducting the testing of peroxide levels.”
- *Change: The requirements to dispose of chemicals
of peroxide levels of 30 ppm or greater “through Hazardous & Radioactive
Waste at 294-2145” to “through Waste Management
using the WDDR. Contact Waste Management at 294-3724 if questions arise.”
- *Delete: After the bulleted list of handling and
storage controls, the paragraph and bulleted list of required disposal
actions.
- *Add: After the bulleted list of handling and storage
controls, a paragraph of disposal guidance and requirements, as follows: “Chemical
owners and users having containers of peroxide-forming chemicals should
dispose of them at or before their expiration date. Disposal must be
through Waste Management. Contact Waste Management in a timely manner
and complete a Peroxide Chemical Label when it is determined that it
is necessary to dispose of the material.”
- Add: In the Note following the paragraph on expiration
date disposal, insert as the first word, “Suggested.”
- *Add: In the paragraph on requirements for peroxidizable
chemicals that may be potentially explosive, at the end of the first
bullet, the phrase, “or the manufacturer’s expiration date
(unless tested for the absence of peroxides).”
- Change: In the paragraph on requirements for peroxidizable
chemicals that may be potentially explosive, in the last two bullets,
change “Show” to “Showing.”
- *Add: In the paragraph on requirements for MOW dealing
with peroxidizable chemicals that may be potentially explosive, a bulleted
requirement on WDDR submission: “Submit a Waste Description & Disposal
Request for pick-up and disposal of the waste. Mark urgent. Include
information regarding the age of the material and the date that it
was first opened.”
- *Add: A paragraph on guidance for special storage,
as follows: “Special Storage: In rare circumstances, some of
these materials are stored in special environments such as under inert
atmospheres to limit product degradation. In these cases, it may be
permissible to retain these materials beyond normal retention dates,
provided a knowledgeable owner can show that potentially dangerous
levels of peroxides will not be formed.”
- *Delete: Figure 1, Example Peroxide Chemical Label.
In Section 8, “Use of Chemicals,” subsection 8.2, “Facilities”:
- Change: In the second paragraph, the requirement
appropriate signage on chemical work area entrances, the sign type from “Workplace
Hazard Awareness System (SWHAS)” to “ISMS.”
In Section 8, “Use of Chemicals,” subsection 8.3, “Emissions Control“:
- *Add: At the end of the second sentence, on permit
determination, the phrase, “or discuss this information during
the Interdisciplinary Team (IDT) review for these operations.”
In Section 8, “Use of Chemicals,” subsection 8.4, “Particularly
Hazardous Substances (Applies to OSHA Laboratory Standard Locations)”:
- *Add: After “Particularly Hazardous Substances,” the
acronym, “(PHSs).”
- Delete: In the first sentence, the references to
Attachments J, K, L, M, N, and O.
- *Add: In the first paragraph, the following guidance
and requirement: “Personnel
can determine if chemicals they use are included in these categories
by accessing the Chemical
Information System (CIS) report and selecting the “PHS” list
for their query. A designated area may be an entire laboratory, an
area of a laboratory, or a device such as a laboratory hood, or balance.
The criteria used to determine the designated area may depend on the
physical form (solid, liquid, gas), its physical properties, and the
prevalence of use in the laboratory. Access to the designated area
should be limited. Anyone working in the designated area must be aware
of the substances being handled and the precautions that are necessary.”
- *Delete: In the first paragraph, the requirements
on access restriction and signage, as follows: “When these materials
are actually in use in the designated area, personnel shall restrict
access to this area, or to the part of the designated area in which
the materials are in use, by posting a sign at each entrance that states:
RESTRICTED ACCESS
DESIGNATED AREA FOR WORK WITH PARTICULARLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
AREA MAY CONTAIN: 'SELECT CARCINOGENS', REPRODUCTIVE TOXINS, OR SUBSTANCES
WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF ACUTE TOXICITY”
- *Add: A new paragraph on signage requirements, as
follows: “Laboratories, or areas within laboratories, which are
designated areas shall be clearly posted using the ISMS sign or equivalent.”
- *Change: In the paragraph on storage areas for particularly
hazardous substances, the phrase, “Areas in which particularly
hazardous substances are stored” to “Storage
areas.”
- *Add: A new subsection title, 8.4.1, “Decontamination
Procedures.”
- Add: In the paragraph on working with particularly
hazardous substances, to the first sentence, the phrase, “To
minimize the potential for contamination.”
- *Add: In the paragraph on working with particularly
hazardous substances, at the end of the bulleted list, a new bullet, “Close
containers that are not in use.”
- *Delete: The paragraph and bulleted list on access
and decontamination, as follows: “After the use of particularly
hazardous substances, other operations are allowed in that area only
after the area has been decontaminated. Personnel who conducted the
experiments shall decontaminate the designated area by:
- Using adequate personal protective equipment during all stages
of decontamination.
- Thoroughly washing and rinsing work surfaces with appropriate
solvents or solutions (e.g., triple rinsing the surface).
- Decontaminating equipment or materials before removal from the
designated area or disposing of them as hazardous material.”
- *Add: Requirements for decontaminating surfaces,
as follows: “Laboratory workers must decontaminate affected surfaces
within designated areas in response to small spills or when the designated
area (including contaminated equipment) is returned to general use.
Personnel performing these decontamination activities must wear appropriate
personal protective equipment to avoid exposure through skin contact
or inhalation and must dispose of all wastes appropriately. The following
are guidelines for the decontamination of liquids and powders. Consult
the Material Safety Data Sheet for further information.
Liquids:
- Select an appropriate solvent that will remove liquid residues from
the surfaces to be cleaned. Often, a damp paper towel with a
surfactant solution or commercially available clean-room wipe pads are
adequate for this purpose. This should be done cautiously. For example,
materials used to clean up an oxidizer may later ignite, therefore compatibility
of the cleaning material and the chemical being removed must be considered.
- Begin cleaning the affected area from the outer edges toward the
center. For equipment, begin cleaning the surfaces from the least
contaminated area to the higher contaminated area. Repeat cleaning in
this manner for a total of three times.
- Wipe the outside of containers such as reagent bottles which could
also be contaminated.
- Collect and manage the wastes generated by all decontamination work
activities.
Powders:
- Use wet cleaning methods or a HEPA equipped vacuum. Often, a damp
paper towel with a surfactant solution or clean-room wipe pads are
adequate. Do not use methods which could create airborne exposure
such as dry sweeping or wiping, use of compressed air, “aeroduster” cans
or regular vacuum cleaners.
- Begin cleaning the affected area from the outer edges toward the
center. For equipment, begin cleaning the surfaces from the least
contaminated area toward the higher contaminated area. Repeat cleaning
in this manner for a total of three times.
- Wipe the outside of containers such as reagent bottles which could
also be contaminated.
- Collect and manage all wastes generated by all decontamination work
activities.”
