NAME
pr - Writes a file to standard output
SYNOPSIS
pr [-adfFmprt] [-e][character][number] [-h string] [-
i][character][number]
[-lnumber] [-n][character][number] | [-
x][character][number] [-onumber]
[-s][character] [-wnumber] [-column] [+page] file
The pr command writes file to standard output. If you do
not specify file or if file is -, pr reads standard input.
FLAGS
-a Displays multicolumn output across the page. (This flag
is useful only in combination with the -column flag.)
-d Doublespaces the output.
-e[characterl][number]
Expands tabs to byte positions number+1, 2*number+1,
3*number+1, and so on. The default value of number is
8. Tab characters in the input expand to the appropri-
ate number of spaces to line up with the next tab set-
ting. If you specify character (any character other
than a digit) that character becomes the input tab char-
acter. The default value of character is the ASCII tab
character.
-f Uses a formfeed character to advance to a new page.
(Otherwise, pr issues a sequence of linefeed charac-
ters.) Pauses before beginning the first page if the
standard output is a tty.
-F Uses a formfeed character to advance to a new page.
(Otherwise, pr issues a sequence of linefeed charac-
ters.) Does not pause before beginning the first page
if the standard output if a tty.
-h string
Displays string as the page header instead of the
filename.
-i[character][number]
Replaces white space wherever possible by inserting tabs
to positions number+1, 2*number+1, 3*number+1, and so
on. The default value of number is 8. If you specify
character (any character other than a digit), that char-
acter becomes the output tab character. (The default
value of character is the ASCII tab character.)
-lnumber
Sets the length of a page to number lines (the default
is 66).
-m Combines and writes all files at the same time, with
each file in a separate column. (This overrides the -
column and -a flags).
-n[character][number]
Provides number-digit line numbering (the default value
of number is 5). The number occupies the first number+1
positions of each column of normal output (or each line
of -m output). If you specify character (any character,
other than a digit), that character is added to the line
number to separate it from whatever follows. (The
default value of character is an ASCII tab character.)
-onumber
Indents each line by number byte positions (the default
is 0). The number of byte positions per line is the sum
of the width and offset.
-p Pauses before beginning each page if the output is
directed to a tty. (pr sounds the bell at the tty and
waits for you to press <Return>.)
-r Does not display diagnostic messages if the system can-
not open files.
-s[character]
Separates columns by the single character instead of by
the appropriate number of spaces (the default for char-
acter is an ASCII tab character).
-t Does not display the 5-line identifying header and the
5-line footer. Stops after the last line of each file
without spacing to the end of the page.
-x[character][number]
Same as -n.
-wnumber
Sets the width of a line to number byte positions (the
default value is 72 for equal-width, multicolumn output,
no limit otherwise).
-column
Produces the specified number of columns (the default
value is 1). The -e and -i flags are assumed for mul-
ticolumn output.
+page
Begins the display at the specified page number (the
default value is 1).
DESCRIPTION
A heading that contains the page number, date, time, and the
name of the file separates the output into pages.
Unless specified, columns are of equal width and separated
by at least one space. Lines that are too long for the page
width are shortened. If the standard output is a tty, pr
does not display any error messages until it has ended.
EXAMPLES
1. To print a file with headings and page numbers on the
printer, enter:
pr prog.c | print
This inserts a page break in prog.c, starts each page
with a heading, and sends the output to the print com-
mand. The heading consists of the date the file was
last modified, the filename, and the page number.
2. To specify a title, enter:
pr -h "MAIN PROGRAM" prog.c | print
This prints prog.c with the title MAIN PROGRAM in place
of the filename. The modification date and page number
are still printed.
3. To print a file in multiple columns, enter:
pr -3 word.lst | print
This prints the file word.lst in three vertical
columns.
4. To print several files side-by-side on the paper,
enter:
pr -m -h "Members, Visitors" member.lst visitor.lst | print
This prints the files member.lst and visitor.lst side-
by-side with the title Members, Visitors.
5. To modify a file for later use, enter:
pr -t -e prog.c > prog.notab.c
This replaces tab characters in prog.c with spaces and
puts the result in prog.notab.c. Tab positions are at
byte positions 9, 17, 25, 33, and so on. The -e tells
pr to replace the tab characters; the -t suppresses the
page headings.
RELATED INFORMATION
Commands: cat(1), mesg(1).
Acknowledgement and Disclaimer